Each joint action, with the role and emphasis the graph assigns each muscle. These are qualitative anatomical labels, not measured muscle activation.
Shoulder horizontal adductionprimary action
Pectoralis major (prime mover, high emphasis); Pectoralis major (prime mover, moderate emphasis); Anterior deltoid (synergist, high emphasis); Pectoralis minor (synergist, low emphasis)
Elbow extensionsecondary action
Triceps brachii (prime mover, high emphasis); Triceps brachii (prime mover, high emphasis); Triceps brachii (prime mover, moderate emphasis)
Scapula protractionsecondary action
Serratus anterior (prime mover, moderate emphasis); Pectoralis minor (synergist, low emphasis)
Spine rotationsecondary action · resisted
External oblique (stabilizer, high emphasis); Internal oblique (stabilizer, high emphasis); Transverse abdominis (stabilizer, moderate emphasis)
Spine extensionsecondary action · resisted
Rectus abdominis (stabilizer, high emphasis); Transverse abdominis (stabilizer, high emphasis); External oblique (stabilizer, moderate emphasis)