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The behind-the-neck (press behind neck) shoulder press is not recommended because it involves too much external rotation of the shoulder — the same core risk mechanism as behind-neck lat pulldown, since both are the same underlying press/pull pattern taken to a riskier angle, not a separate hazard each.
The behind-neck press is flagged "Not Recommended." In the deltoid-training notes, the press-behind-neck exercise is not recommended as it involves too much external rotation. The free-weights instructor list likewise labels the "Behind Neck Press (Not Recommended)." The forced external rotation places the shoulder in a vulnerable position.
This is the same risk mechanism as behind-neck lat pulldown (see back-lat-pulldown-rotation) — front-vs-behind-neck presses and pulldowns are not two unrelated hazards; they're the same "forcing external rotation to clear the head" problem showing up in both a pressing and a pulling exercise. Unlike lat pulldown, the behind-neck press doesn't carry a separate, distinct fiber-alignment/effectiveness critique — its issue is safety, full stop.
Educational content only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified professional for individualized guidance, especially around injury, pregnancy, or medical conditions.