Each joint action, with the role and emphasis the graph assigns each muscle. These are qualitative anatomical labels, not measured muscle activation.
Spine lateral flexionprimary action · resisted
Quadratus lumborum (prime mover, high emphasis); External oblique (prime mover, high emphasis); Internal oblique (prime mover, high emphasis); Erector spinae (synergist, moderate emphasis)
Spine flexionsecondary action · resisted
Erector spinae (synergist, high emphasis); Multifidus (synergist, moderate emphasis)
Spine extensionsecondary action · resisted
Rectus abdominis (synergist, high emphasis); Transverse abdominis (synergist, moderate emphasis)
Hip adductionsecondary action · resisted
Gluteus medius (stabilizer, high emphasis); Gluteus minimus (stabilizer, moderate emphasis); Tensor fascia lata (stabilizer, low emphasis)