Speed (sprint) training follows the same quality-first logic as power: the nervous system and ATP-PC system must be fresh so every run is maximal.
- Distance by goal: acceleration work uses short sprints ~10-20 m from various starts; max-velocity work uses longer or fly-in runs ~30-60 m so top speed is reached and held briefly (see acceleration-vs-max-velocity).
- Intensity: maximal effort (≈95-100%) — submaximal "speed" running trains tempo/conditioning, not speed.
- Recovery: near-full between reps, because true speed relies on the ATP-PC system. A common guideline is ~1 minute of rest per 10 m sprinted (or work:rest ≥ ~1:>10); rest is also generous between sets/blocks. Insufficient recovery turns sprint work into conditioning and degrades quality.
- Volume: low total sprint distance per session; stop when times slow or mechanics break down.
- Placement: early in the session, after a thorough dynamic warm-up and sprint-form drills, before strength/conditioning.
- Frequency: commonly ~2-3 speed sessions/week, integrated with strength and plyometrics; allow recovery (hamstrings especially) between high-speed days.
- Periodization: progress general prep → acceleration emphasis → max-velocity emphasis, with resisted (acceleration) and assisted (overspeed) methods layered in for advanced athletes.
rest-per-distance and weekly volumes vary by source, athlete, and event.