Each joint action, with the role and emphasis the graph assigns each muscle. These are qualitative anatomical labels, not measured muscle activation.
Hip extensionprimary action
Gluteus maximus (prime mover, high emphasis); Biceps femoris long head (prime mover, high emphasis); Semimembranosus (synergist, high emphasis); Semitendinosus (synergist, moderate emphasis); Adductor magnus (synergist, moderate emphasis)
Shoulder horizontal abductionsecondary action
Posterior deltoid (synergist, moderate emphasis); Medial deltoid (synergist, low emphasis); Infraspinatus (synergist, low emphasis)
Scapula retractionsecondary action
Rhomboids (synergist, moderate emphasis); Trapezius (synergist, moderate emphasis)
Elbow flexionsecondary action
Brachialis (synergist, moderate emphasis); Biceps brachii (synergist, low emphasis); Brachioradialis (synergist, moderate emphasis)
Spine extensionsecondary action
Erector spinae (stabilizer, high emphasis); Multifidus (stabilizer, moderate emphasis); Quadratus lumborum (stabilizer, moderate emphasis)
Spine rotationsecondary action · resisted
External oblique (stabilizer, moderate emphasis); Internal oblique (stabilizer, moderate emphasis)